Abstract: During Qing Dynasty，the civilian officials of the Eight Banners and all military staff officers above Zongbing referred to themselves as “Nucai”before the emperor． This term became an important feature of the relationship between the monarch and his ministers during the Qing Dynasty． This article starts from a historical standpoint and gives a detailed examination of the background of the title “Nucai”，its performance and significance under this
context，and reveals the role and impact of the complex political，social and ideological aspects behind the change of the title．

摘要： 清代，八旗出身的文职官员和总兵以上的所有武职官员，在与皇帝奏对时自称“奴才”，成为清代君臣关系的一个重要特征。本文从历史主义的立场出发，详细考察了在君臣语境下，大臣中“奴才”成为出现的背景、表现及其意义，揭示了“奴才”称谓变化背后复杂的政治、社会、观念诸方面的作用和影响。