Abstract: This article carefully combs through the administrative process of the dissolution of four counties，Qingyuan，Pingshun，Mayi，and Leping in the Qing dynasty． The evidence suggests that a variety of objective geographic factors and subjective policy decision must be understood and considered． The different attitudes of rural residents and villagers can be attributed to their respective individual interest rather than cultural and regional factors． The specific
policies in the four dissolved counties enhanced the regional differences，and led to the restoration of the four counties in early Republican period． It is necessary for the historical research of the evolution of jurisdictions to go beyond the official accounts and to return to the administrative operation and search for the voice of the grassroots inhabitants．

摘要： 本文细致梳理了清代山西裁撤清源、平顺、马邑、乐平等四县的行政运作过程，认为政区变革中各种客观的地理因素起何种作用，取决于主观的决策群体如何认识与考量。县城与乡村居民对裁县的态度亦有差别，其决定因素在于个人利益，而非单纯是文化因素和地域意识。清代裁县后实行的建立乡学、保留学额等特殊政策，强化了地域隔阂，形成本邑与新并两个畛域分明的地域空间，并最终成为民初复县运动的诱因。指出行政区划史研究应回到行政运作，回到地域社会，于官方叙事之外寻找底层民众的声音。