Abstract: This article investigates how “Jesuit medicine”and “Jesuit medical practices”under the Kangxi
Emperor's ( r． 1662—1722) patronage of Western Learning functioned within a wider context of multi-
ethnic medical practices． Missionaries at the court in general，and those specia lized in medicine in
particular，became medical interlocutors of European medicine to China and of Chinese medicine to
Europe． Practicing medicine in the service of the Kangxi Emperor provided them with an opportunity for
personal and even intimate access to the Emperor and his environment． Manchu and Chinese Medical
Palace Memorials，the main type of primary sources used for this study，bear witness to the transmission
of Jesuit medicine and practice to the Kangxi court． By highlighting the private and confidential nature of
these documents and the factional court politics they reflect，it is shown how medicine became one of the
fields of Western Learning that was systematically patronized by the Emperor． In addition，this article
identifies a number of important actors belonging to a wide network of imperial power and privilege．
Power and privilege are especially manifest in cases of the health problems of important officials，officers，
and members of the imperial family when the Kangxi Emperor took a personal interest in their illnesses，
sometimes even distributing Jesuit medical drugs to them．

摘要：      本文考察的是在康熙皇帝赞助西学之下，耶稣会士医学和耶稣会士医学活动是如何在一个多族群医疗活动这一更为广阔的背景下发挥作用的。宫廷中的传教士，尤其是那些专习医学的传教士，成了欧洲医学与中国医学的穿针引线者。他们通过侍奉康熙皇帝的医学活动，可以接触皇帝甚至是与其周围人有着亲近机会。本研究所使用的主要材料是满汉文医学奏折，它们见证了耶稣会士医学在康熙宫廷的传播与实践。这些文献的私人和机密性质以及它们反映的部分宫廷政策，显示出医学是如何成为受到康熙皇帝系统赞助的西学的一个领域的。本文还鉴别出一些属于皇帝权力和特权的广泛网络的重要参与者的身份。当康熙皇帝对于一些股肱文武官员及皇室成员的健康问题表现出个人的关切，有时甚至是分发耶稣会士医药给他们时，这种权力和特权表现得尤为明显。