LIU Fengyun. Secondary Capital Shengjing: Manchu Political and Cultural Choices Regarding the "Essential Region" after Occupying the Central Plain[J]. journal6, 2018, 0(2): 1-26.
Diao Shuren. “Lun qianlongchao qingting dui dongbei de fengjin”(Research on the prohibition policy in Qianlong reign). Jilin daxue xuebao (Journal of Jilin University) (6) 2002.Ding Haibin, Shi Yi. Qingdai peidu shengjing yanjiu (The Reserach of Assistant Capital Mukden in Qing Dynasty). Beijing: Zhongguo shehuikexue chubanshe, 2007. Huang Songjun. “Lun qingdai dongbei fengjin yu liuren wenhua”(Research on the prohibition policy and liuren culture in Qing Dynasty). Zhongguo bianjinag shidi yanjiu (China’s Borderland History and Geography Studies) (4)2002.Jin Yue. “Qingdai dongbeidiqu de liuren”(The “Liuren”in the northeast of Qing Dynasty). Manzu yanjiu ( Manchu studies) (4) 2008.Li Dexin, Liu Xiaodong. “Qingdai dongbei fengjin yu liuren qianshu”(Prohibition policy and liuren exile in northeast region in qing dynasty). Manyu yanjiu ( Manchu Language studies) (2) 2013.Li Hongxi. “Shilun 19shiji 60-70niandai dongjiangdiqu fengjinzhengce de weiji: jiantan yiminshibian sixiang de chansheng”( A discussion on the crisis of prohibition policy in northeast region in the 1860 - 1870: the emergence of the idea of immigration and construction of the frontier). Yanbian daxue xuebao (Journal of Yanbian University) (3) 2002.Li Puguo. “Qingdai dongbei de fengjin yu kaifa”(The prohibition and development in the northeast of Qing dynasty). Jilin daxue shehuikexue xuebao (Journal of social science in Jilin University) (1) 1962.Li Xingsheng. Zhongguo liuren shi (The History of Chinese exiles). Haerbin: Heilongjiang renmin chubanshe, 1996.Owen Lattimore. Inner Asian Frontiers of China. Nanjing: Jiangsu renmin chubanshe, 2005.Sun Wenliang. Manzu jueqi yu mingqing xingwang (The Rise of Manchu and the Transition of Ming and Qing dynasties). Shenyang: Liaoning daxue chubanshe, 1992.Tang Kaiying. “Qianlong dongxun jiqi wenhuaquxiang”(The Qianlong Emperor’s East Tour and its Cultural orientation). Shenyang gugong bowuyuan yuankan (Journal of Shenyang Palace Museum) . Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2006.The bannermen and national institution workshop. Canhanzhuojin de zaisikao: qingdaiqiren yu guojiazhidu ( Rethinks about “Han discretion of the Senate”: Bannermen and National Institution). Taipei: Wenshizhe chubanshe, 2016.Tong Yue. Qingdai shengjingcheng (The Shengjing City in Qing dynasty). Shenyang: Liaoning minzu chubanshe, 2009.Wu Bin. Qing shenyang gugong yanjiu (Research on Shenyang Imperial Palace of Qing dynasty ) . Shenyang:Liaoning daxue chubanshe, 2006.Xie Guozhen. Mingqingzhiji dangshe yundong kao (Textual Research on the Party’s Practices in Late Ming and Early Qing dynasty). Beijing: bejing chubanshe, 2014.Xie Guozhen. Qingchu liuren kaifa dongbei shi (The History of Liuren’s Contribution in the Northeast in Early Qing Dynasty). Beijing: Kaiming shudian, 1948.Zhang Lin, Kong Cuiwei, Yang Baichun. “Lun qingchu liuren ji dui dongbei jingji wenhua de lishigongxian”(Research on the Historical Contribution of Liuren to the Northeast Economy and Culture in Early Qing dynasty). Jilin shifandaxue xuebao (Journal of Jilin Normal University) (3) 2003.Zheng Chuanshui. “Qingdai peidu de jianzhi jiqi yingxiang”(The Construction of Assistant Capital Mukden and its Influence in Qing dynasty). Liaoning daxue xuebao (Journal of Liaoning University) (1) 2005.