清朝政区边界复原与清史地理再现——《清史地图集》的编绘实践

华林甫

清史研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (5) : 1-23.

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PDF(3203 KB)
清史研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (5) : 1-23.
学术专论

清朝政区边界复原与清史地理再现——《清史地图集》的编绘实践

  • 华林甫
作者信息 +

Textual Research on Regional Administrative Boundaries and Geographical Reproduction during Qing Dynasty: The Compilation Practice of the Major Project “The Historical Atlas of China during the Qing Dynasty”

  • HUA Linfu
Author information +
文章历史 +

摘要

历史地图的研究与编绘是历史地理学成就最大的领域。历时近十年完成的《清史地图集》,是这一学术传统得以继承和发展的最新成果。三个图组七十二幅清史地图都有学术创新点,全部上图地物均经过严密考证,图上任何点、线、面均有文献或舆图史料为证,并且始终贯彻“孤证不立”原则。完整的考证内容呈现在上千万字的《编稿表》里,《编稿表》分“正编”与“辅编”,前者收录具有清史意义的地物,后者为绘制政区界线的依据。项目组从“正编”选择近四万个地物上图,据“辅编”绘制宣统三年基本覆盖全国的县级政区界线,从而把政区界线的研究精度从府级提升到县级。《清史地图集》作为中国第一部断代历史地图集,它的出版有助于认识清代疆域盈缩、政区设置的全过程和地理面貌的变迁,具有较高学术价值和重要的现实意义。

Abstract

Historical maps are the greatest accomplishments of research in historical geography.The project team completed The Historical Atlas of China during the Qing Dynasty in the past ten years, and the newest achievement will inherit and develop this academic tradition. All seventy-two maps in three groups have technological innovations. All the features on the maps have been rigorously examined, and all the points, lines and surfaces have been verified by using data from more than one document or antique map. The complete textual research content is presented in Biangaobiao(编稿表) which is divided into Zhengbian(正编) and Fubian(辅编) . The former includes significant features in the history of Qing Dynasty, and the latter serves as the basis for drawing the boundaries of administrative regions. The project team selected more than 40000 figures from Zhengbian(正编)and drew the county-level administrative boundaries covering the whole country in 1911 accordingto Fubian(辅编), thus improving the research accuracy of the administrative boundaries from the prefecture(府)level to the county level. The Historical Atlas of China during the Qing Dynasty is the first dynastic atlas of China, which is helpful for us to understand the process of the expansion or reduction of the territory, the establishment of administrative regions and the changes in the geographical features of Qing Dynasty. It has significant academic value, strong practical significance.

引用本文

导出引用
华林甫. 清朝政区边界复原与清史地理再现——《清史地图集》的编绘实践[J]. 清史研究. 2020, 0(5): 1-23
HUA Linfu. Textual Research on Regional Administrative Boundaries and Geographical Reproduction during Qing Dynasty: The Compilation Practice of the Major Project “The Historical Atlas of China during the Qing Dynasty”[J]. Studies in Qing History. 2020, 0(5): 1-23

参考文献

Fu Sinian. “Lishiyuyan yanjiusuo gongzuo zhi zhiqu” (The aim of working of the Institute of history and philology).Zhongyangyanjiuyuan lishiyuyan yanjiusuo jikan (Bulletin of Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica vouume1 and part 1(1928).

Hou Renzhi. Wanqing ji (Wanqing collection). Beijing: Xinshijie chubanshe, 2001.
Hua Linfu. “Guanyu bianhui qingshidituji de jianyi” (The suggestion about compiling The Historical Atlas of China during the Qing Dynasty). Lishidilixue de xintansuo yu xindongxiang: Qinghe zhushiguangjiaoshou Qishihuazhi ji rongxiu lunwenji (The new exploration and new trends of the historical geography: The proceedings of celebrating Professor Zhu Shiguang’s 70th birthday and retirement). Xian: Sanqin chubanshe, 2008.
Hua Linfu. “Jinliangnian qingshidili yanjiu dianping” (Comments on studies of historical geography during Qing Dynasty in the last two years). Qingshi yanjiu (The Qing History Journal) 2 (2008).
Hua Linfu. Yingguo guojia danganguan guicang jindai zhongwen yutu (Classical Chinese Manuscript Maps and Atlases Deposited at the National Archives, U.K.) Shanghai: Shanghai shehuikexueyuan chubanshe, 2009.
Hua Linfu, Zhao Xuteng. “Qiewei liangzhe fenzhenyu: Xuantong sannian Zhejiang shengtu zhi bianhui” (The compiling of Zhejiang historical map in 1911). Dandanqingchuan: Daiyixiansheng jiuzhihuadan jinian wenji (The proceedings of celebrating Mr. Dai Yi’s 90th birthday). Beijing: Zhongguo renmindaxue chubanshe, 2016.
Oyunbilig. Menggu youmutu: Riben tianlitushuguan suocang shouhui menggu youmutu ji yanjiu (Studies in Mongolian manuscript maps preserved in the Tenri central library, Tenri University, Japan), Beijing: Beijingdaxue chubanshe, 2014.
Tan Qixiang. Zhongguo lishi dituji (The historical atlas of China). Beijing: Zhongguo ditu chubanshe, 1982.

基金

中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目“近 70 年来中国历史地图的研制编绘成就”(项目批准号: 19XNQ033)成果。


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