摘要
清代号称“宫壶肃清”，主体时段少有后宫干政的记载。本文试图从制度、礼仪和空间三个维度，探讨清帝如何控制和打压皇后的权威，揭示“宫壶肃清”背后的运作逻辑。清代皇帝逐步切断皇后与宫外的一切联系，力图建立起一个封闭隔离的内廷世界，使皇后的权威难以延伸至宫廷以外，其地位与职责也从“母仪天下”逐步转变为只是后宫之主，甚至连后宫之事也无法全权做主，从而有效遏制了后权对外事的影响和对皇权的威胁，确立了宫廷内外皇帝独尊的局面。
Abstract
For most of the Qing Dynasty, there were few instances of the empresses interfering in state affairs. This article investigates how emperors controlled and suppressed the authority of the empresses using the political system, ritual, and space to understand the dimensions of the "Cleanup of the Inner Palace”. Qing emperors isolated the inner court world by cutting off any connection between the empresses and people outside the court to restrict the empresses' authority from extending beyond the court. Under the control of emperors, the status of Qing empresses changed from “a motherly model of the nation" to "the master of the inner court." Ultimately, empresses could not even make decision son most matters within the inner court. Thus, Qing emperors contained the authority of the empresses efficiently and established their exclusive status inside and outside the court.
关键词
君权 /
后权 /
制度 /
礼仪 /
空间
Key words
empress'power, control and suppression, political system, ritual, space
毛立平.
君权与后权：论清帝对皇后权威的控制与打压[J]. 清史研究. 2021, 0(4): 43-59
MAO Liping.
Emperor's Power versus Empress' Power: Qing Emperors' Control and Suppression of Empresses' Authority[J]. Studies in Qing History. 2021, 0(4): 43-59
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基金
本文为中国人民大学研究品牌计划基础研究项目（项目号19XNI006）资助成果。
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