Abstract: Since the Opium War，China has experienced great change that that was unprecedented during the previous three thousand years． When the Qing Dynasty was on the verge of collapse，establishing a“New China”became a major topic of intellectual discourse． Kang Youwei was the first person to propose the concept of“New China． ”As result of intellectuals disseminating and using the concept，“New China” became a popular term and national ideal in the late Qing Dynasty． This paper will try to show how the concept of“New China”developed and changed，to reveal the various meanings of“New China”in the different periods，as well as its distinct characteristics as compared with related expressions in the same period．