Abstract: Du Wenxiu appeal to Beijing was one of the most important capital appeal cases made by the Hui people in Qing dynasty. During Daoguang reign, several armed conflicts took place between Han and Hui in Baoshan County, Yunnan province, and local officials sided with the Han. Due to the local officials in justice in addressing the turmoil, the Hui people there had no choice but to appeal their case to Beijing. When the central government accepted the case, the emperor sent Lin Zexu, Governor of Yunnan- Guizhou to hand le it. On the basis of the principle. Do not distinguish Han or Hui, only distinguish between right and wrong. Lin Zexu dealt with the case impartially and the grievances of the Hui people were temporarily redressed. However, the corruption of local government, and the ethnic discrimination embedded in the local society were revealed with the unfolding of this case. On the basis of the Grand Council archives and other original archives of Taipei National Palace Museum, this article refines the historiography of ethnic oppression, and discusses the social, ethnic, legal problems of border areas in Qing dynasty from a new perspective.