主管:教育部
主办:中国人民大学
ISSN 1002-8587  CN 11-2765/K
国家社科基金资助期刊

journal6 ›› 2007, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (4): 37-50.

• 学术专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

戊戌前后康有为议会思想的转变及其过程——以《第五书》和《第六书》之后从上下院到上议院的转变过程为主

  

  1. 李春馥
  • 出版日期:2007-11-15 发布日期:2007-11-15

Kang Youwei’s Changing Thoughts on a Bicameral versus a Unicameral Assembly after Fifth and Sixth Memorials

  • Online:2007-11-15 Published:2007-11-15

摘要: 在戊戌政变时期,康有为的政治思想主要围绕着议会体系有关问题而提出并阐述维新派的政治主张和要求。但在这一期间康有为的议会思想并不总是前后一致。通过分析,笔者认为在进呈《第六书》之前,康氏的改革路线仍然坚持上下两院制的议会体系,下院的结构和职权在康氏议会思想中占主导地位。在《第六书》后至百日维新宣布前的期间里,康有为持自上而下的开明君主路线(上院化制度局)和自下而上的民选下院路线(保国会活动)同时并行的政治策略。然而,自百日维新开始及康氏被召见并发表《答人论议院书》之后,他在民选下院和公民选举权这一激进路线上做出让步和妥协,上院的开明君主路线取而代之。但康氏的这一妥协并不表明他否定或放弃了在将来开设民选下院的终极理想。

Abstract: In Reform Movement of 1895-1898, Kang Youwei’s political thoughts revolved around has perspective and concern regarding the parliamentary system. But during this period Kang’s thinking on the parliament underwent a dynamic transformation. Through a thorough analysis, the author has drawn the following conclusions. Between the issuance of the Sixth Memorial and the proclamation of Hundred-Days Reform, Kang simultaneously supported two parallel political options: an aristocratic top down system of enlightened monarchy (such as the convering the Bureau of Institution into an Upper House) and a democratic bottom up system of enlightened monarchy (similar to that of the “National Preservation Assembly Movement”). Lastly, after the start of the Hundred-Days Reform until Kang’s interviews by Guangxu Emperor on April 1898, Kang made concessions and compromised the radical-political line on the Lower House and Suffrage, substituting it with an Upper House and enlightened monarch. But Kang’s concessions and compromise was tantamount to the denial or abandonment of opening a Lower House in the future.