Abstract: In the Qing Dynasty Baoqing prefecture in Hunan Province was a remote and economically underdeveloped region.In order to overcome hardships , such as natural calamities , epidemics , poverty and female infanticide , social welfare institutions naturally came into being.Furthermore , there was an obvious trend toward cooperation between official and civil institutions.Local social custom , official and gentry initiatives , as well as“courtesy toward commoners”educational measures facilitated this cooperation.