Abstract: There are some scholars who feel that China in the modern period was far behind the West. Using military force to resist Western invaders must lead to defeat , so the wisest tactic should be to abandon military force as resistance and conclude a peace treaty as early as possible , then later collect all China’s power to engage in modernization , wait until China had caught up to the West , and then later have a contest. On the contrary , if China persisted in resistance , not only would it lose the great“Not War but Peace”, but also it could delay the course of modernization. This essay puts forth an opinion different from the viewpoint of these scholars.