Abstract: In the first half of the 19th century Guangxi witnessed the development and opening up of harsh wastelands in the western districts of the province that were ruled by the tuguan1 The new social elites, who were mainly emigrants, emerged and become the backbone of land reclamation1 At the same time, local leaders also emerged in the process of dealing with tax problems. Local leaders actively put forward various issues about the local official’s governance. In terms of local government whose domination fall into a deadlock, although these new forces did not have access to imperial titles, their ascent filled in a gap of official administration and restored the peoples’confidence in government1 Qing government did not fully understand the importance of these emerging forces and took measures to suppress them, therefore greatly deepened the contradiction between the imperial elites who have a exclusive right of political priority and non -imperial elites1 This was precisely the social background of the Taiping peasant up rising.

摘要： 19世纪前半期,随着条件恶劣的荒地以及西部旧土官统治区开垦事业的发展,出现了新的社会精英——以移民为主的土地开垦事业的中坚力量。与此同时,在处理纳税问题的过程中还出现了对地方官的治理积极提出各种问题的地方领袖。尽管这些新兴势力并没有获得科举头衔,但对于陷入治理僵局的地方政府而言,他们的举动具有填补官方统治职能以及恢复人们对政府已经失去的信心的可能性。清朝政府并没有充分认识到这股新兴势力的重要性,而是做出了压制新兴势力的举措,因而大大加深了独占政治发言权的科举精英和非科举精英之间的矛盾。这正是太平天国发生的社会背景。