Abstract: During Ming Dynasty the Korean geographical name“Baegdusan” indicated today’s Changbai Mountain. The Korean term“Changbaisan” did not necessarily refer to today’s Changbai Mountain but may have referred to Gwanmobong (located west of Kyongsong City, at an altitude of 2541 meters) in Northern Hamgyong-do, which is the second highest peak of the Korean peninsula. Gwanmobong was included in the three famous mountains of Hamgyong-do, and its status was much higher than the Baegdusan (present-day Changbai Mountain) which was still in the area that Jurchens occupied. To the Qing Dynasty, especially after the boundary demarcation by Mukden in Kangxi 51 (1712), the status of Baegdusan exceeded Gwanmobong. Baegdusan not only symbolized the cradle of Joseon Dynasty, but also developed an awareness that all the Hamgyong-do Mountains arose from the Baegdusan, when the Korean scholars call it“Baekdu daegan.” At the time of the Mukden demarcation, the area, which was not under Korean control, was located north of Hyesan, west of Musan, south of Changbai Mountain and north of Gwanmobong. Among these mountains, although the Gwanmobong was the main peak of the current Hamgyong mountain range, the geographical name“Changbaisan” of the Joseon dynasty, did not refer to the mountain system including the Hamgyong mountain range and Pujonyeong mountain range, it was also not the northern boundary of Korea during of Mukden demarcation.

摘要： 明代朝鲜地理称谓中的“白头山”指今天的长白山，但是所称“长白山”不一定指今天的长白山，可能指朝鲜半岛第二高峰咸镜北道冠帽峰（位于镜城以西，海拔 2541 米），后者列入咸镜道三大名山，其地位远高于尚在女真地面的白头山（今长白山）。到了清代，特别是经过康熙五十一年穆克登定界，白头山的地位超过了冠帽峰（朝鲜称之为长白山），不但具有了朝鲜王朝发祥的象征意义，还产生了朝鲜北道山脉均从白头山起脉的山系认识，韩国学者称之为“白头大干”。在穆克登定界时，朝鲜尚未管控的地区，位于惠山以北、茂山以西、今长白山以南及冠帽峰以北。其中，冠帽峰虽然是今咸镜山脉的主峰，但是朝鲜王朝地理称谓中的“长白山”，并不指包括整个咸镜山脉、赴战岭山脉在内的大山系，它也不是穆克登定界时的朝鲜北界。