Abstract: Civil war in the mid-nineteenth-century brought radical changes in traditional Chinese society. The opposing forces in Anhui province, the Nian Rebels and the Huai Army arose from the same social conditions and had the same foundation, the patriarchal clan. This article investigates patriarchal clan, and examines clan power at the grass roots level of Anhui society and its relationship with upper level political rulers.　

摘要： 19世纪中期，安徽基层社会兴起了捻军与淮军。这两种原本对立的政治力量，在以宗族为背景、为基础方面，却全无二致。本文以此为出发点，进一步审视安徽基层社会的宗族势力及其与上层政权统治的关系。