Abstract: The operation of Eight Banners system and the transformation of Bannermen's identity are the hot
issues in Qing's studies． The previous studies used less folk historical literature，but also researched these
major problems less from the perspective of ordinary Bannermen． Based on an ordinary garrisoned Hanjun
Bannermen genealogy，“Lai's Genealogy，” and other relevant documents，this essays reveals more
completely the life of garrisoned Hanjun Bannermen and the transformation of their identity． The Lai
family was garrisoned in Fuzhou in the Kangxi period，and moved to Sanjiangkou in the Yongzheng
period． In Qianlong period，a part of the Lai family were demobilized． In the late Qing，the Lai family
was transformed． The history of the Lai family demonstrated clearly the change of garrisoned Han
Bannermen over time． In the early Qing the Han Bannermen were garrisoned in various places． By the
mid-Qing they faced the pressure of demobilization and livelihood difficulties． In the late Qing they
started to construct clan organizations and became part of their locales． The transformation of the Lai
family from “Bannermen ” to “clansmen ” in Fuzhou largely represented the common experience of
ordinary Hanjun Bannermen and even some of the Manchu Bannermen．

摘要： 八旗制度之运作与旗人认同之变迁，是清史研究的热点问题，以往的研究较少使用民间历史文
献，也较少从普通旗人的角度 “自下而上”地思考此类重大问题。本文以一份普通的驻防汉军家谱———
《福州洋屿颍川赖氏家谱》和其他相关文献为主要资料，较完整地呈现了清代驻防汉军的生活与认同之变
迁。赖氏家族自康熙间驻防福州以来，经历了雍正间分防三江口，乾隆间部分 “奉命出旗”，清末出现家族
整体转型的历程，清晰地展现了汉军旗人从清初驻防地方，到清中叶面临 “出旗”压力和生计困境，再到
清末建构家族组织和实现地方化的转变。福州赖氏由 “旗人”到 “族人”的转型，很大程度上代表了普通
汉军乃至部分满洲旗人的共同经历。