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主管:教育部
主办:中国人民大学
ISSN 1002-8587  CN 11-2765/K
国家社科基金资助期刊

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    15 May 2014, Volume 0 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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    Research on Expulsion of Missionaries to Guangzhou during the Yongzheng Period
    TANG Kaijian
    2014, 0(2): 1-33. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2326KB) ( )  
    This article mainly focuses on the situation of the Catholic mission in Guangzhou after the issue of the
    prohibition decree in the first year of the Yongzheng reign. It analyzes the flow and distribution of
    Western missionaries all around China who were first expelled to Guangzhou and then to Macau. It
    includes intensive textual research on the origin and heads of 8 male and female Catholic churches as well
    as their religious orders. The findings of this article will greatly further our understanding of the Catholic
    mission in China after the issue of Prohibition decree of Yongzheng emperor.
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    Commentary and Reality of Officials Assessment in the Qing Dynasty
    CHANG Yuenan
    2014, 0(2): 34-44. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (1913KB) ( )  
    The Great Reckoning was a regular evaluation of civil officials provinces in the provinces that was
    held every three years in the Qing Dynasty. Officials would be classified into three grades according to the
    assessment: officials who were recommended as outstanding and distinctive; those who were listed neither
    for recommendation nor impeachment; and those who were charged with eight proscriptions. The
    governor-general assessed the officials and then gave his comments. The actual achievements were also
    required. After the government of the Qing Dynasty modified the assessment system,the comments
    became more concise,usually in eight words. Such fixed format of the comments also influenced the
    remarks of other assessment systems in the late Qing Dynasty,such as the year-end assessment and the
    evaluation methods of the magistrates. As to the comments and the actual achievements of the officials,
    their formats and content varied in different stages of the Qing Dynasty,which can be regarded as an index to the corruption of the bureaucracy.
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    The Exchange of Books between China and Vietnam and its influence on Culture in Nguyen Dynasty
    HE Qiannian
    2014, 0(2): 45-54. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2091KB) ( )  
    For the most part,it was official agents and diplomatic envoys who brought Chinese books into
    Vietnam during the Nguyen dynasty. The commercial trade in books was not prosperous,as was the case
    with Sino-Korean trade,but different from that of the Sino-Japanese exchange. The lack of trade in books
    was due to two factors. First,the fact that the trade was connected to the systematic tribute to China
    suppressed the enthusiasm of independent merchants. Second,the commercial cost was too high because
    the source of imports from China was Guangdong,which was far from the center of book production and
    trade—the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Because reprinting Chinese book in Vietnam
    was not common practice,the dependence on government procurement and envoys purchases produced
    two results: there were less books in Vietnam in comparison with Korea and Japan,and a seriously
    uneven distribution of the books,the royal family received the most books,followed by the diplomats,but
    the ordinary people had little chance to get books. The lack of books influenced literacy level of
    Vietnamese scholars and promoted Vietnamese government to distribute books to common students and
    scholars.
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    The System of Single-heir Dual Inheritance in Qing Dynasty
    ZHENG Xiaoyou
    2014, 0(2): 55-64. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2176KB) ( )  
    The dual inheritance system,whereby the only son of the family was appointed heir to his uncle as
    well as his own father,was an important innovation of the traditional Chinese inheritance system in Qing
    Dynasty. However,as a new inheritance system first adopted in folk practice but banned by juridical
    practice,its advent,evolution and development was not limited by mere legal provision. Examining
    original historical materials such as judgments and court documents,this article discusses the existing
    form of dual inheritance and its precursor,the adopted inheritance system,whereby the only son of the
    family was appointed heir to his uncle,in social life since Song Dynasty as well as the legal reactions to
    the process of change. The article also explores the interaction among the legislation,juridical practice
    and social life in Qing Dynasty through this issue.
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    Research on the Self-study Department of the Law and Politics School During the Closing Years of Qing Dynasty
    LI Guilian, LIU E
    2014, 0(2): 65-74. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2275KB) ( )  
    During the making of the provisional constitution at the end of Qing dynasty,many institutions of the
    Qing government were undergoing change. The Qing court believed that only through advising and
    encouraging officials to learn the new political system could they carry out the principles of the rule of
    law. Only if officials took these principles as their guide,then the institutional foundation could be laid
    for a new political system. As for official candidates,the Law and Politics School for each province
    established departments to implement Western law and political education. However, popularizing
    Western law and political knowledge among the large group of incumbent officials was a thorny issue at
    that time. The Law and Politics School of Hunan province created the self-study department mode,which
    asked the official candidates to undertake self-study through the extramural lectures provided by the Law
    and Politics School which gave these candidates an assessment for their performance. This self-study
    mode had been modified by the Institute of Constitutionalism Preparation and Investigation and applied to
    the incumbent officials,and moreover,the Institute of Constitutionalism Preparation and Investigation
    also required the Law and Politics School of each province to adopt this mode. The establishment of self-
    study departments in the Law and Politics Schools facilitated the change of intellectual structure and mode
    of thinking among Qing officials as well as the adaptation of Western laws to the Qing dynasty.
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    Profits from the Imperial Household Merchant-managed Trade in Japanese Copper during Latter Half of the Kangxi Reign
    XUE Ming
    2014, 0(2): 75-84. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2396KB) ( )  
    Using data Japanese and Chinese historical documents,we can reconstruct the trading activities of
    Imperial Household Department merchant,Zhang Dingchen with Japan during the summer of 1700. This
    date reveals that the profit from the trade,which exchanged raw silk and white sugar for Japanese copper,
    were much more than 30% reported to the Emperor Kangxi. Actually,the large profit was hidden. In
    fact,the copper would bring higher return,which was stable and long-term,to the “Imperial Merchant”
    from 1700-1715,as long as the supply of the copper in Japan did not decline sharply.
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    Japanese Disaster Relief and Underlying motivation during “Ding-Wu Disaster” ( 1876-1879)
    WANG Zanwei
    2014, 0(2): 85-93. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2511KB) ( )  
    The North China “Ding-Wu Disaster”in 1876 – 1879 presented an opportunity for foreign disaster
    relief forces to intervene in China's disaster relief affairs. However,it is rarely known that this was
    conducted under the appeal of four well-known industrialists in Japan,Shibusawa Ei’ ichi,Masuda
    Takasi,Iwasaki Yataro and Kasano Kumakichi,who initiated and launched the China Relief activities.
    Emperor Meiji and the Empress,government officials,and civilians were all involved,and generously
    donated to help. At the same time,Takezoe Shin’ ichiro traveled hundreds of miles to China in order to
    carry out on-site disaster relief. This paper reconstructs and recovers an overview of this activity based on
    the relevant historical materials,and aims at revealing the characteristics of Japan's Disaster Relief
    compared with the Western missionaries in China relief activities. Furthermore,the article places Japan's
    Disaster Relief in the pursuit of Japanese modern capitalist economic expansion and the context of the rise
    of the disaster relief,to reveal its special motivation and significance.
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    The Change of Social and Economic Institutions in Late Qing Dynasty: An Investigation from Inner Perspective
    ZHU Yingui
    2014, 0(2): 94-101. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2616KB) ( )  
    With the gradual influence of Western powers on the East,the social and economic institutions of
    Late Qing China changed. These changes were initiated by the private efforts,together with official
    reforms forced by external pressures. The joint force of private and official actions became the inner
    dynamic which promoted the change of social and economic institutions in Late Qing China.
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    A Comparative Perspective on the Payment Policy of the Boxer Indemnity
    HOU Zhongjun
    2014, 0(2): 102-110. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2673KB) ( )  
    Defeated by Japan in 1894,the Qing government was forced to borrow money to pay Japan an
    indemnity. The great powers fought for the chance to make the loans and set off the division of China into
    spheres of influence. When negotiating the way to pay the Boxer indemnity,the great powers did not
    force China to borrow money again they accepted mortgage installments. From the point of view of the
    mortgage payments was a way of maintaining the rule of Qing government,and not defaulting on the loan
    of 1894. The only aim of the great powers was to maximize their own interests in China.
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    The Life and Identity of Garrisoned Hanjun Bannermen in the Qing Dynasty: The Case of the Lai Clan in Fuzhou Yangyu
    LUO Guilin, WANG Min
    2014, 0(2): 111-124. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2969KB) ( )  
    The operation of Eight Banners system and the transformation of Bannermen's identity are the hot
    issues in Qing's studies. The previous studies used less folk historical literature,but also researched these
    major problems less from the perspective of ordinary Bannermen. Based on an ordinary garrisoned Hanjun
    Bannermen genealogy,“Lai's Genealogy,” and other relevant documents,this essays reveals more
    completely the life of garrisoned Hanjun Bannermen and the transformation of their identity. The Lai
    family was garrisoned in Fuzhou in the Kangxi period,and moved to Sanjiangkou in the Yongzheng
    period. In Qianlong period,a part of the Lai family were demobilized. In the late Qing,the Lai family
    was transformed. The history of the Lai family demonstrated clearly the change of garrisoned Han
    Bannermen over time. In the early Qing the Han Bannermen were garrisoned in various places. By the
    mid-Qing they faced the pressure of demobilization and livelihood difficulties. In the late Qing they
    started to construct clan organizations and became part of their locales. The transformation of the Lai
    family from “Bannermen ” to “clansmen ” in Fuzhou largely represented the common experience of
    ordinary Hanjun Bannermen and even some of the Manchu Bannermen.
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    Transformation of Yao to Mountain Residents in Guangxi in Late Qing Dynasty
    HU LieJian
    2014, 0(2): 125-135. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (3486KB) ( )  
    Those who are nowadays called mountain Yao people lived not only in the mountainous region but
    also in flatlands in Ming and Qing dynasty. It was at the end of the Guangxu reign that Yao people in
    Guangxi had completely relocated to remote mountainous areas. The process of mountainous relocation of
    Yao people shows that they are not always mountainous people. However,after the Yao people who
    dwelled in flatland officially included in household registries,and owing to the separation of mountains
    and rivers,the mountainous Yao people were left out of the policy of national assimilation. Therefore,
    relocation to the mountains of Yao people was not due to the movement of the Yao people to mountainous
    areas,but instead was due to the different effects of the assimilation policy between the flatland Yao
    people and the mountain Yao people.
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    Notes on Jingqian ( Beijing Coin) and the related place in A.Dream of Red Mansions
    SHAO Yi
    2014, 0(2): 136-141. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2832KB) ( )  
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    Precious Historical Heritage: Professor Wang Sizhi's Studies on Qing History
    LIU Fengyun
    2014, 0(2): 142-144. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2738KB) ( )  
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    Professor Luo Ming and Qing History Biographies
    PAN Zhenping
    2014, 0(2): 145-146. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2710KB) ( )  
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    Evaluating the Studies on Qing Frontiers and Border Peoples: Understanding the Academic Heritage of the Professor Ma Ruheng
    ZHANG Shiming
    2014, 0(2): 147-150. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2810KB) ( )  
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    Professor Li Wenhai and the Studies on the Boxer Movement
    YAN Jun
    2014, 0(2): 151-153. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2782KB) ( )  
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    A Cherished Memory of Professor Qi Longwei
    SHEN Qiunong
    2014, 0(2): 154-156. 
    Abstract ( )   PDF (2792KB) ( )  
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