Abstract: With the gradual influence of Western powers on the East，the social and economic institutions of
Late Qing China changed． These changes were initiated by the private efforts，together with official
reforms forced by external pressures． The joint force of private and official actions became the inner
dynamic which promoted the change of social and economic institutions in Late Qing China．

摘要： 由于西力东渐，引发了晚清中国社会经济制度的改变。这种改变，首先由民间力量推动，加上外来压力迫使官方进行变革，官民两方的合力，成为从内部推动晚清中国社会经济转变的重要力量。