Abstract: This article uses Qianlong era portraits， Qing Imperial Costume scrolls，stored in Imperial Palace Museum in Beijing as the foundation to undertake a detailed analysis Manchu and Chinese caption，to clarify the specific expressions of nationality and state and the time of the Qing Dynasty and the substantive relationship between nationality and state during the Qing Dynasty． Based on this investigation the article also explores how the Qing dynasty united different nationalities and groups and other states and its own political and state．

摘要： 本文利用北京故宫博物院所藏清乾隆年间摹绘《皇清职贡图》绘卷,在理清其现存版本及绘制过程的基础上,通过分析其满汉文图说,阐明该图绘卷中对各“民族”、“国家”的具体表述及当时的清朝与这些“民族”、“国家”之间的关系实质,并以此探讨清朝是怎样统合国内各“民族”、各“集团”,怎样认识和对待其他“国家”,自身又是怎样的一个“政权”或“国家”的问题。