Abstract: This article analyzes legal statutes and cases from Baxian County Arcives during 18 -19th century, that involved trade associations, their business regulations, and market competition. The paper reconstructs the roles that the state(regional government officials), gang of porters, association leaders(futou) and other “semi-official”(the third realm) played respectively in the social structure. The inter-relationship among all of these actors is redefined as well.

摘要： 本文通过清代巴县档案提供的诉讼案例再现了巴县行帮在自身组织化、市场争夺、行业规范中的作用,分析巴县脚力行帮组织化过程中官府、行帮成员以及由夫头等组成的"第三领域"之间的互动关系,揭示行帮与国家在城市地方社会建构中的作用。