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15 August 2006, Volume 0 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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An Examination of Banfang in the Qing Dynasty ZHANG Shi-Ming 2006, 0(3): 1-21.  Abstract ( )   PDF (3160KB) ( )   Ban fang, also called Banguan or Chaiguan, illegal prisons set up by the local officials to confine the minor offenders and related witness, existed apart from official prisons from the late Ming through the Qing After analyzing the concept o f Ban fang in terms of historical linguistics and the textual information of the phenomenon, the author introduces notions of resources, practice and time-space to explore the process of structuralization of banguang in order to understand ban fang in the relationship network of activity process rather than as an entity .The article depicts the transformative rule between paper law and living law, o r between legal practice and legal representation, and regards the pluralism of imperial law and the law of empire as unity in diversity, and considers banfang as essentially in terms of a resource /game /space relationship. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Role of Property in the Adopted Sons’ Inheritance in the Qing Dynasty 吕Kuan-Qing 2006, 0(3): 22-30.  Abstract ( )   PDF (394KB) ( )   Property played an important role in the development of inheritance by adopting son in the Qing period .Originally, the semi-religion character o f ancestor sacrifice distorted the inheritance practices. A large number of disputes about adopted sons inheritance resulted from g reedy struggle over property .Increasing population pressure, scarcity of the resources and decline of the obligation of morality and common-law of clan were the major factors causing disputes .Additionally, the legal practices of the local government had a negative impact on dispute resolution in Qing period. Related Articles | Metrics

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Performance Differences of Chinese and British Cannons during the First Opium War LIU Hong-Liang 2006, 0(3): 31-42.  Abstract ( )   PDF (635KB) ( )   During the First Opium War, there were no substantive differences between the firing rate, range, precision, of Chinese and British muzzle-loader and smooth-bore cannons.However, the British army’s theory of artillery, material used to make the cannons, quality of their ammunition, casting technology, carronade’s performance, mobility and firing rate of its canons, were superior to Chinese army.Meanwhile, the quantity, quality, tactics, and organization of the Qing army, as well as its intelligence, training, and quality of the commanding officers were inferior to British army.These factors influenced the effective kill rate of Chinese and British cannons, magnified the limited gap between two countries’artillery, and created enormous differences in fighting capacity between the two armies. Related Articles | Metrics

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Military Reform and Regional Social Disturbance in the Late Qing: A Discussion of the Bandit Problem in Guangdong HE Wen-Ping 2006, 0(3): 43-51.  Abstract ( )   PDF (593KB) ( )   In the late Qing, Guangdong’s serious bandit problem hindered the process of local military reform. Consequently, the Green Standard Army could not be comp letely disarmed; the development of “braves”units ( Yongying) became more obviously and characteristically“localized”, and the construction of the New Army was retarded. Failure of the military reform undermined administrative control of local society, and resulted in neglect of anti-bandit duties and the emergence of“bandit soldiers”, both of which exacerbated social disturbances. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Function of the Linqing Customs Post in the Ming-Qing Period HEI Guang-Ju 2006, 0(3): 52-58.  Abstract ( )   PDF (367KB) ( )   Recognizing its superior geographical position the Ming government established a custom post at Linqing during the Xuande re ign ( 1426-35) While scholars have discussed the city of Linqing and its commerce in detail this essay reviews the establishment and development of the Linqing customs house and the relationship between customs officials and the broader community .This paper also explores the quality and the function o f the Linqing customs post as an organization for economic administration. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Spacial Migration and the Changes of Social status:the Comparison of Tiandihui in Fujian and Guangdong with the Chinese Secret Society in Malay Peninsula in the 19th Century CHAO Long-Qi 2006, 0(3): 59-65+124.  Abstract ( )   PDF (361KB) ( )   The emergence and development of Tiandihui in Qing Dynasty was the result o f the social and economic changes in the nineteen century The m embers identity of vagrants and activities it engaged in caused the repression and blow of the main stream society, and its results made it move about at the edge of the society all the time .After it came to the Malay Peninsula where the rule was weak , and the society was in turmoil it had very great opportunity for its development .Being the violent party , when it migrated, its social status also changed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Between Han and Song Schools:The Academic Inheritance and Development of the Liu Family in Baoying and Its Significance LUO Jian-Qiu 2006, 0(3): 66-76.  Abstract ( )   PDF (496KB) ( )   In general the Han and the Song Schools were the rivals .During the course of its rise and development .Han Learning was continually influenced by the Song Learning .The Liu Family’s scholars were typical examples o f the Song Learning’s influence on scholars of Han Learning .They inherited and then imparted the Song Learning heritage of the early Qing, and gradually shifted their focus to textual research .While studying Han learning, they did not reject Song Learning Liu Family showed respect for the m oral doctrine of the Song School, and put it into practice Luny zhengyi, which was completed by three generations of the Liu scholars, reflected the academic characteristics of reconciling Song and the Han Schools. Related Articles | Metrics

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Popular Intellectual’s Views on Western Learning in the Late Qing: A Case study of Shanghai Ploytechnic Institution and Reading Room HAO Bing-Jian 2006, 0(3): 77-87.  Abstract ( )   PDF (475KB) ( )   Taking Shanghai Ploytechnic Institution and Reading Room as an example and its testpapers the basic historical source material, to explain the making a popular intellectual community among students of Gezhi academy as well as their understanding of the structure of Western knowledge, the relationship between Chinese and Western learning and methods for introducing Western learning.This paper elucidates Chinese intellectuals’conception of Western learning from the viewpoint of common people.Although the views of students from Shanghai Ploytechnic Institution and Reading Room did not decide national policy, like an important actor on the historical stage, the students’thoughts still had a powerful influence and served as an indication of potential popular thought. Related Articles | Metrics