Abstract: Abstract The boundary territory of SiChuan , Hubei and Shanxi provinces is one of the most representational mountainous areas in China . During the Qing dynasty it became an important room for economic activities . With a great many of outlanders pouring in , the farming , the handicraft industry and the opening up of forestry developed rapidly , their outputs increased a lot . All these contributed to the breaking of“low-energy ecosystems”characterized by the economic structure of low-production and low-consumption. On the other hand , the exploiture actions of the incomers, as well as the restriction of the resources in the area led to the instability of social and economic development , and furthermore , the sharp deterioration of the environments.