Abstract: The contention between the Han school and Song school during the Qianlong and Jiaqing period is a key problem in the Qing academic history. After searching and arranging the materials , through transforming the field of vision , the author points out that , between the Han school and Song school during the Qianlong and Jiaqing period , there were not only the contention but also the compromise and compatibility , which coexisted in the academic circles of the Qianlong and Jiaqing period. So , it is not desirable to take a one-sided approach to them. However , the compromise and the contention between the Han school and Song school were not in the same level. The former was in the level of methodology ,the latter in the level of philosophical concepts namely value outlooks. The former was able to arrive at a compromise , thelatter was not . It was the uncompromise that breed the modern transformation of ideological types.