Abstract: Based on the Yan Ruoju's Inquiry into the Authenticity of the Ancient Text of the Shangshu and other scholars' identification of a counterfeit Book of History，this paper draws on the related bamboo slips of the Chu Kingdom in the Warring States and further explains the historical inconsistencies in the“Grand Preface”of the Book of History such as the claim that there were 25 chapters in the Old Text of the Book of History and that Kong Anguo contributed to the book． The chapters of Jincheng， Juli，and Nanshan mentioned in Kong Anguo's“remark”were written by others after Kong Anguo，and the chapters such as Junchen，Junyan，Dayumo were bogus． This paper rebuts the“Critique”of the Commentary by Yan Ruoju and the defense of the Mei Zhe's contribution of Old Text of the Book of History in the book “Judgment in the Case of Old Text of the Book of History”by Zhang Yan．