Abstract: This article uses Qianlong era portraits， Qing Imperial Costume scrolls，stored in Imperial Palace Museum in Beijing as the foundation to undertake a detailed analysis Manchu and Chinese caption，to clarify the specific expressions of nationality and state and the time of the Qing Dynasty and the substantive relationship between nationality and state during the Qing Dynasty． Based on this investigation the article also explores how the Qing dynasty united different nationalities and groups and other states and its own political and state．