主管:教育部
主办:中国人民大学
ISSN 1002-8587  CN 11-2765/K
国家社科基金资助期刊

journal6 ›› 2009, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (4): 89-96.

• 学术专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

清代以来的太监庙探析

  

  1. 中国人民大学哲学院佛教与宗教学理论研究所
  • 出版日期:2009-11-15 发布日期:2009-11-15

Eunuch Monasteries in Late Imperial China

  • Online:2009-11-15 Published:2009-11-15

摘要: 明代太监安葬,继承了宋元以来以田养寺、以寺安僧、以僧祭祖的功德寺(坟寺)传统。但到十九世纪下半叶,由于太监庙与民间社会信仰的进一步融合,慈禧太后宠信白云观道士等原因,清廷太监大规模出佛入道,皈依全真龙门派,到北京白云观受戒,并成立了太监自己的道教宗派——龙门派岔支"霍山派"。本文比较深入地探讨了全真龙门派岔支霍山派的派辈谱系问题,并分析了霍山派太监道士住持的太监道庙,两类不同的管理模式:子孙缘与兄弟庙。

Abstract: The custom of burying eunuchs in tombs on temple land was passed down from the Song and Yuan dynasties to the Ming dynasty. These temples were supported by the income fromfarmlands that the eunuchs had owned. The temples provided the daily necessities for the monks , who offered sacrificial services to the deceased eunuchs in return. However , in the latter half of nineteenth century , many Qing eunuchs converted from Buddhism to Daoism, because of the integration of tomb temples with popular cults and the favor of Cixi to the Daoists at Baiyun Guan. Some eunuchs were ordained at Baiyun Guan and they even founded a sect of their own called“Huoshan Pai”. This article discusses the lineage of the“Huoshan Pai”and analyzes the two different modes of management in the Taoist temples of this sect , the master-disciple mode and the fraternity mode.