Abstract: In November 1908, Empress Dowager Cixi suddenly died. On her deathbed, she ordered Zaifeng to be the Prince Regent, and told him to seek advice on "major events" from the Empress Dowager Longyu. At that time, public opinion in China and in foreign countries was quite favorable toward Zaifeng. The Qing government formulated the etiquette of Regency by means of collegial discussion. Zaifeng and Longyu reached a compromise to handle state affairs and palace events separately. Driven by the force of some censors, the signature system of the seal, which aimed at controlling the State Administration and had the color of constitutionalism, was implemented. The Forbidden City defense force and even the national military forces were also controlled by the Prince Regent. On the other hand, Zaifeng was willing to serve as a minister, and modestly handled the etiquette issues such as residence, royal summons, and the Regent worship. These arrangements weakened the majesty of the imperial powers, and met the expectation of public opinion for constitutionalism, but also caused the concern that the etiquette was not standard. Acting imperial power with the minister as the core of the new regent system, was easily influenced by the last edict of Cixi and the royal power
struggle. Zaifeng failed to promote the constitutional system in time to eliminate the hidden dangers, which initiated the pro aristocratic movement and the chaotic politics of Xuantong Dynasty.