Abstract: Abstract The boundary territory of SiChuan , Hubei and Shanxi provinces is one of the most representational mountainous areas in China . During the Qing dynasty it became an important room for economic activities . With a great many of outlanders pouring in , the farming , the handicraft industry and the opening up of forestry developed rapidly , their outputs increased a lot . All these contributed to the breaking of“low-energy ecosystems”characterized by the economic structure of low-production and low-consumption. On the other hand , the exploiture actions of the incomers, as well as the restriction of the resources in the area led to the instability of social and economic development , and furthermore , the sharp deterioration of the environments.

摘要： 川湖陕交界地区乃中国有代表性的山区之一 ,清代该地区成为中国一个非常重要的经济活动空间。大量外地人口进入该区 ,为打破山区以低生产和低消费结构为主的低能源生态系统局限 ,做出了多方面的努力 ,农业、手工业及经济林特产资源开发规模空前 ,生产量亦有显著增长。另一方面 ,山区资源条件限制及流移民开发的特性 ,又导致了山区发展的不稳定 ,生态环境亦急剧恶化。