Abstract: Dai Zhen was the leading scholar of Qian-Jia learning in the Qing Dynasty. Though he was an obscure Confucian intellectual in simple and unadorned apparel after his arrival in the capital of Qing Dynasty from the countryside， Huizhou，he became famous in a short time and was a person that people of high social ranks eagerly wanted to meet. His academic viewpoint was quickly acknowledged and accepted. Why it was so is an unsolved puzzle in academia. Based on examinations into Western learning made by Mei Wending，Mei Juecheng，Jiang Yong，Dai Zhen and others，this paper tries to explain the unique and refreshing approach adopted by Dai Zhen to substitute“Western learning”with“Chinese learning”on the basis of his predecessors' research. Dai Zhen's timely academic viewpoints conformed to the cultural mentality of the Qing imperial government during this period of the dissemination of Western culture and ensured the quick establishment of his academic status. Dai Zhen's experience also revealed the harsh difficulties of the traditional scholar-bureaucrat in achieving the balance between politics and learning.