Abstract: Modern times have witnessed the nationalization of the public body，which was under wide and detailed surveillance by the modern state，as well as the loss of personal attachment． While there has some discussions on this process in Chinese society，rarely have there been explorations of the modernization of body in the light of hygiene administration． This paper analyzes the changing relationship between epidemic prevention and body from traditional to modern times from the perspective of epidemic prevention． It also investigates the process and characteristics of national supervision of the modern state's hygiene administration，and illustrates how this body discipline was accepted at that time． The author suggests that in addition to the power of discourse supremacy like Western science，hygiene， and civilization，the realization of this process also relied on related national legislation and the gradual foundation of functional institutions． It's acknowledged that，though under exterior pressure，the acceptance of body discipline was a
choice made by the gentry and elites，who had been pursuing the modernization of nation for 100 years． Initiatively and self-consciously the acceptance of body discipline was a simple and speedy choice made in a time facing challenges at without deep consideration．

home and abroad． It was a choice made in order to“strengthen the nation and optimize the race”and a choice made