Abstract: Yellow River administration system experienced a complete “life cycle”in the Qing Dynasty and all its major development and change were closely related to the political situation in the Qing court． The government gradually created the Yellow River administration system in the early Qing Dynasty in order to achieve reunification． By the mid- Qing the government was in slowly declining and the Yellow River administration system also repeatedly experienced problems． In late Qing Dynasty， political instability affected the Yellow River administration system and the departments administrating the Nan-he and part of the Dong-he were abolished after the bursting of the dykes at Tongwaxiang due to the chaos caused by war during Xianfeng and Tongzhi reigns． Ultimately， Yellow Riveradministration system was abandoned as a result of the impact of the Boxer Incident． It was clear that political instability influenced the fate of Yellow River administration system more than social change． On the other hand，the evolution of Yellow River  administration system also reflected rise and decline of Qing