Abstract: During the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty，with the entry of Catholic missionaries Europeans gained a better understanding of China． With the development of European academic research，China including its politics economics，culture were coming into the European s purview． Meanwhile，the languages of Qing Dynasty attracted the attention of European linguists in this period． The languages of the early and middle period of the Qing Dynasty the European missionaries and the Ｒussian businessmen in china transmitted their knowledge to European scholars，leaving a deep imprint on the development of the world linguistics． After the Ｒussian Tsar，Peter I，had introduced European science and thought into Ｒussia，the St． Petersburg Academy of Sciences created a favorable environment for the European scholars．St. Petersburg also became the testing ground for European scientific and cultural achievements，where the languages of the early and middle period in Qing Dynasty entered the history of world linguistics in this period．